National Festivals of India

How Many National Festivals are There in India?

India officially celebrates three main national festivals: Independence Day (15th August), Republic Day (26th January), and Gandhi Jayanti (2nd October). These festivals are marked by nationwide observance and carry profound historical and cultural significance.

Defining National Festivals

National festivals in India hold unique importance. Unlike regional festivals, which are specific to communities or states, national festivals are celebrated across the country. They symbolise shared values and historical milestones that resonate with every Indian, regardless of regional or cultural diversity.

What Are National Festivals of India?

India, often referred to as the "land of festivals," boasts a rich tapestry of cultural, religious, and national celebrations. Among these, national festivals stand out for their ability to unite the country. These festivals are not only significant for their historical roots but also for the patriotic fervor they inspire. Celebrated across the nation with equal zeal, national festivals like Independence Day, Republic Day, and Gandhi Jayanti serve as a reminder of India’s glorious past and its aspirations for the future.

List of National Festivals in India

Independence Day (15th August)

• History: Celebrates India’s freedom from British rule in 1947.

• Significance: A tribute to the countless freedom fighters who fought for the country’s independence.

• Celebrations: Flag hoisting, cultural programs, and patriotic songs mark the day. The Prime Minister delivers a speech from the Red Fort in New Delhi, inspiring millions.

• Historical Background:
  On 15th August 1947, India achieved freedom from British colonial rule. Independence Day commemorates this momentous occasion, honouring the sacrifices of freedom fighters.

• Celebrations Across India:
  Flag-hoisting ceremonies, parades, and cultural programmes are organised in every corner of the country, with the Prime Minister’s address from the Red Fort as the central event.

• Symbols and Significance:
  The Indian flag, national anthem, and patriotic songs inspire pride and unity among citizens.

Republic Day (26th January)

• History: Marks the adoption of the Indian Constitution in 1950.

• Significance: A celebration of India’s democratic foundation and sovereignty.

• Highlights: The Republic Day Parade in New Delhi showcases the country’s military prowess, cultural diversity, and technological achievements.

• Why We Celebrate Republic Day:
  On 26th January 1950, India adopted its Constitution, transforming into a sovereign republic.

• Role of the Constitution:
  Republic Day underscores the importance of democratic values enshrined in the Constitution.

• Republic Day Parade:
  The grand parade at Rajpath in New Delhi showcases India's cultural diversity and military prowess, making it a spectacle watched by millions.

Gandhi Jayanti (2nd October)

• Born on 2nd October 1869, Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of the Nation, led India’s freedom struggle with non-violence and truth as his guiding principles.

• History: Honors Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of the Nation.

• Significance: A day to reflect on Gandhi’s principles of non-violence and truth.

Traditions: Prayer meetings, tributes at Gandhi’s memorial, and cleanliness drives are organized nationwide.

List of Regional Festivals of India

 

• Holi

• Diwali

• Eid al-Fitr

• Onam

• Christmas

• Baisakhi

• Bohag Bihu

• Easter

• Mahashivratri

• Durga Puja

• Ganesh Chaturthi

• Vasant Panchami

• Dussehra

• Goa Festival

• Navaratri

• Gurpurab

• Pongal

• Makar Sankranti

• Janmashtami

• Buddha Jayanti

• Raksha Bandhan

• Mahavir Jayanti

• Republic Day

• Ratha Yatra

Regional Festivals Categorised by Regions

1. North India

• Holi

• Diwali

• Eid al-Fitr

• Raksha Bandhan

• Gurpurab

• Baisakhi

• Buddha Jayanti

• Mahashivratri

• Janmashtami

• Dussehra

2. South India

• Pongal

• Onam

• Diwali

• Ganesh Chaturthi

• Navaratri

• Mahashivratri

• Ratha Yatra

• Makar Sankranti

3. East India

• Durga Puja

• Bohag Bihu

• Diwali

• Holi

• Vasant Panchami

• Ratha Yatra

4. West India

• Goa Festival

• Ganesh Chaturthi

• Diwali

• Navaratri

• Holi

•  

5. Central India

• Diwali

• Holi

• Mahashivratri

• Dussehra

• Vasant Panchami

Purpose of Regional Festivals:

These festivals strengthen community bonds, preserve cultural traditions, and celebrate the diversity within India.

Key Differences Between National and Regional Festivals